Constructional unit



April 25, 1933. A. c. FISCHER consznRuTloNAL UNIT l Filed July 29. 1926 y M ,N WV w Patented Apr. 25, 1.933

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALBERT CQ FISCHER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO PHILIP CAREY MANU- FACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF OHIO CONSTRUCTIONAL UNIT Application med Ju1y29, iez serial No. 125,738.

This application is a continuation in part of my application ASerial No. 336,713, filed' November-8, 1919, for Air, moisture, and

soundproof structures, and methodof and `material for producing same.

The present invention relates to expansible and compressible constructional sheetsl y cr slabs, more particularly expansion joints,

which are preformed and adapted to bel inserted between rigid and unyieldable units to provide for contraction and expansion.

The subject matter of the present invention is typified by a multiple layer expansion joint employed in a paving structure inl which a perforated layer or layers are p resented neXt to the surfacing sheets, with lthe surfacing sheets preferably adhered stalled and the concrete sections poured around the same.

The surfacing sheets in this connection also act in the capacity of sealingvsheets, sealing the perforations and thus providing dead air pockets in the joint structure.

Proceeding on the principle as above described I am enabled to produce expansion joints which will offer the advantages above noted and at the same time one in which surface depressions may be readily develop` ed so as to anchor, so to speak, the joint with the concrete sections r between which it is installed. This latter result isproduced by the concrete` ressing against the sides of the jointand) sinking restricted areas of the surface layers intovthe perforations sovthat knobs or buttons are made inthe v concrete which interlock with the joint and revent the joint from creeping or otherwise ecoming changed in its intended yinstalled i position.

The salient features of the present invention are illustrated in lthe accompanied draw- 1n 1n which;

igure 1 is a perspetive view of a portion of an ex ansion joint constructed in accordance wit one form of my invention and showing a portion of the surfacing or sealing sheet brokenl away;

Figure 2 is avperspective view of a por- `Ytion of an expansion joint showing a modified form of my invention;

Figure 3 is a cross section taken on'llne 3-'3' Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, and; Figure 4 is a perspective view of concrete sections illustrating the application of my invention.

Referring now tothe drawing in detail, I

preferably construct the joint from multiple layers of materials suitable for the purpose,

for instance as illustrated in Figure 1, I would employ a relatively thick sheet 5 of felt paper or any .other desired material or a composition of material, such as a combinationof various materials preferably those materials which are capable of absorbing a saturant of a waterproofing nature. This sheet 5 is constructed with perforavtions 6, a multiplicity of theseperforations being made in a sheet, but care should be taken that the sheet is not perforated to such an extent that its structure is materialv1y weakened. Using this sheet 5 as an intermediate sheetV or layer, I can apply a coating or a thickness, or even a substantial layer of mastic 7 and surface', both sides of the mastic 7 and likewise the perforated sheet with sheets 8. These sheets may be produced from'the same material as sheet 5 and also waterproofed as explained with reference to sheet 5*, but they would not necessarily need to be as thick as sheet 5. The thickness of the sheets 8 as well as the thickness of the mastic 7 will of course depend on the thickness of the composite structure, in other words if an .expansion joint was to be made with a thickness of three-fourths of an inch and the intermediate sheet was to be the\ thickest, the sealing sheets and mastic wou`ld make up the difference in the thickness. l

4`The mastic coating on layer-7 may be developed in Various ways, for instance, considering the same p as` an adhesive mastic with more or less lasting iiuidity it `may be de- 'Y the same ordipping sheets 8 or applying it to the sheets 8 by a brush or otherwise.

As another means of developing this adhesive mastic coating I may over-saturate 5 either the sheet 5 or else sheets 8 to leave a surplus on the surface of the sheets or else as shown in Figure 2, I may use an intermediate layer 5a`which is produced from bituminous material treated in such a way as to present an adhesive surface to which the sheets 8a will adhere. Perforations 6a may be used in this connection as in the case of sheet 5. Should the intermediate sheet or layer be made as a preformed bituminous strip- I5a, it may be desirable to employ some filling material as a flow retarder as well as to add more or less rigidity to tlie structure. Such a filling material may be de- 'rived from subdivided brous material as an example.

When a joint such as described is installed between concrete sections A and B; as shownl in Figure 4, the pressure of the concrete'will sink the restricted areas of thesealing sheets into the perforations and thus develop sur- J face depressions which produces knobs or buttons 9 in the concrete, with the result that the joint is more or less interlocked with the concrete and firmly held in place. Aside from this result, the perforations being covered by the sealing sheets 8, will provide 'j dead air pockets which will `aid the joint to properly function.

made in accordance with the form shown in Figure 2 is the possibilityl of using a layer 5a made up of an elastic composition such as a rubber oil or a iixture of rubber oil and bituminous inaterial, made up in proportions so as to develop an elastic strip, so to speak. A strip vin this capacity is adapted to expand upon the application of external pressure to the joint and contract to its original size and shape upon release of the pressure. Upon expanding, the `perforations .6'w1ll provide spaces which may be occupied by the material of the strip thus releaving the pos-l sibility of the strip being forced up outrof the joint. In other words, uponapplica'tlon of pressure the expanded material must go some place and perforations prevent the material from expanding out of the jomt.

I claim:

1. Constructional material embodying in-its 'construction an intermediate perforated sheet, surfaced with sealing sheets closing said perforations.

2. An expansion joint comprising a perfoi'ated sheet having upon its surface an adhesive mastic, and sealing sheets-overlying said perforated sheet and closing the perforations therein.

3. A multiple layer expansion joint embodying in its construction an intermediate Q5 perforated layer having upon its surface One of the outstanding features of a joint an adhesive mastic, and sealing sheets overlaying said perforated sheet and closing the perforations therein, said overlying sheets adapted to sink intoy said perforations upon the application of external pressure; whereby the joint will develop a multiplicity of surface depressions when concrete is poured around the same. p

4. An expansion joint comprising a plurality of su erimposed sheets, the sheet next Ito the su ace sheet being perforated and the outside sheet adapted to develop surface depressions when the joint is installed due to the application of external pressure over the cut out areas of the perforated sheet.

5. An expansion joint embodying in its construction super-imposed layers, one of said layers comprising a perforated elastic body, surfaced with sealing layers closing said erforations.

6. v n expansion joint comprising a plurality of alternating perforated and nonperforated superimposed sheets adhered together by an adhesive mastic material.

7. Constructional material embodying in its construction an intermediate perforated sheet surfaced with sealing sheets, there being a normally tacky adhesive material between said intermediate sheets and said surface sheets.

' 8. A paving structure comprising sections of rigid paving units separated by a laminated expansion joint`v strip which embodies in its structure a perforated core and imperforatec'l facing layers. l

9. A paving structure comprising sections of rigid paving units separated by a lami nated expansion joint strip which embodies in its structure a perforated elastic core and imperforated waterproof 'facing layers. 4 10. A paving structure comprising sections of concrete separated by a laminated expansion joint strip which embodies inits structure aperforated core and imperfo? rated facing layers, said concrete section interlocking with the facing layers in the areas over the perforation in the core.

11. As an article of manufacture, an ex- .pansion joint board comprising a body o asphalt or'suitable bituminous material, per- 115 forated with a series of` holes covered and reenforced by strips of suitable lside-surfacing material.

12. A constructional sti-ip comprising a body of elastic material provided with a series of recesses and reenforced by strips of suitable side surfacing material.

- '13. An expansion joint strip com rising` a body of elastic material provide with a series of recesses and reenforced by-strips of suitable side surfacing material.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 27th day of July, 1926.

ALBERT C. FISCHER. 13o 

